intramuscular injection sites in dogs and cats
2023 Bishops Stortford Vets Registered in England 07961322 VAT No. Introduction to Clinical Skills and Tidy Up Time. This helps disperse the drug and decrease the likelihood of the injection site being damaged. | Veterinarian Approved Doctor Lindsay Butzer DVM 39.7K subscribers Subscribe 731 55K views 1 year ago Hey Guys, in this video I am. Before injecting your pet with medication, youll want to clean the injection site and the bottle well. The other main means of administering treatment is via the mouth and digestive system the oral route. You should also know what to do if the shot goes wrong. This approach is known as a prime-boost strategy. Use for phrases Individual animal and vaccine variability make it difficult to estimate the duration of protective immunity. An alternative site and technique are suggested to ensure a more reliable effect when an intramuscular injection is indicated. The legacy of this great resource continues as the Merck Veterinary Manual in the US and Canada and the MSD Vet Manual outside of North America. How to give an intramuscular injection to a dog? - wikidoggia.com Administer the contents of the syringe quickly and withdraw the needle. The patients weight may require a longer needle. Canine & Feline IM Injections All rights reserved. When ready to inject, ensure the syringe is fully pushed into the needle hub to stop the syringe and injection Local Anesthetic Intradermal Injections, 48. Other vaccines may require boosting only once every 23 years. Feline Ovariohysterectomy Student Study Guide, Assessment Rubric and DETAILED STEPS, 28. Combination vaccines that save considerable time and effort are also commonly used in dogs and cats. The needle used for subcutaneous injections should be 0.5 to 1 inch in length. Once the area is ready, hold the syringe with your dominant hand. There are very few important (or easily damaged) structures under the skin so this is a safe route of medicine administration; it is also usually quite painless. Next, pinch a section of skin that is approximately one to two inches in diameter. 0000003707 00000 n by. A dogs vaccines are usually administered using a subcutaneous injection. INTRAMUSCULAR . Published 1 May 1973. Click here to download and print this table. 0000000016 00000 n 0000013990 00000 n Another good spot is over the ribs, well behind the shoulder. x[r}WSjJpM]1SIIe"Zr)_srqYIT r=;w\6-+wtvswesUU6"9rrwSuEeYV>K& r+ Vs{ky-'|v?B^i^4E`)LU2mUYVL \T]X Medications are administered directly into the vein via an IV. Its better to risk a short period of hypoglycemia than a prolonged period of hyperglycemia. What are the indications for this medication? If youre unsure, contact the vet right away for a proper diagnosis and treatment. Learn more about how Pressbooks supports open publishing practices. If the injections are frequent, like for insulin shots, try not to use the same spot each time. Local Anesthetic Intradermal Injections, 48. Performance & security by Cloudflare. There are also many other sites that work well, including the gluteal muscle. Before filling the syringe with the approved amount of medication, fill it with an equivalent amount of air. And how much pain can IMs cause? Depo-Medrol | Zoetis US Standard size needles recommended are 18 to 20-gauge needle from 1 to 1.5 inches long. What happens if I 'miss' with an injection? The injections are given in the subcutaneous tissue (sub = under; cutaneous = skin), which is considerably looser in the dog than in the human. 2.3k. If youre administering an intramuscular injection to your dog, the question you might be asking yourself is: Do you pinch the skin? SQ medications (non-irritating and water soluble) are deposited in the loose connective tissue just below the dermis. Epaxial (lumbodorsal) muscles are on either side of the lumbar vertebrae. Certain proteins and other molecules of these invaders are known read more . A veterinarian should always assess the relative risks and benefits to an animal when determining the frequency of revaccination. How to Add or Remove Contacts from Kids Messenger Account ; Step #1. First cap the needle and syringe carefully and put it out of harms way. Set up your myVCA account today. %%EOF Use of a fine needle minimizes discomfort. Nebulised drugs can be delivered via a face mask although many conscious patients will not tolerate a face mask, so a special nebulisation chamber is often required. 0000006536 00000 n Injections are a common and important way we give medications to our patients. Veterinary Clinical Skills Compendium Copyright by Susan Spence. When you find the right spot, always clean it before the injection and clean the top of the bottle with the solution as well. Some veterinarians and owners have expressed concern that the use of vaccine mixtures in this way may somehow overwhelm the immune system. 0000006144 00000 n Many therapeutic and diagnostic agents used in veterinary medicine must be injected parenterally in animals (fluids, biologics, medications, test agents). Can this medication be given to this species? Alternatively, IMs can be given in the hamstring muscle on the backside of the leg. As a result, testing an animals serum for antibodies may not enable differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA). Dry the skin and apply a bandage. However, local immunity is sometimes more important than systemic immunity, and in these cases it is more appropriate to administer the vaccine at the site of microbial invasion. Medication Techniques - Clinical Medicine 1: Small Animal Clinical 0000001301 00000 n 1|fU=lhT~=ie>K /7w/k$e}t}GKi^k,3I[L3Ig:MTZj%ZgFn+0&%onj2L&Lrk.mtw:Gj,;O*G/c.|W>]ig"nx v6if[nv'/eRfJ{BWO0#$M(K@Y Vaccines should never be mixed indiscriminately because one component may dominate and interfere with responses to the other components. A positive action for insertion of needles into muscles reduces muscle damage and pain and massaging the site after injection disperses the injection and may help to reduce pain. Wearing disposable gloves is a useful measure for giving injections. ALWAYS look it up! The action you just performed triggered the security solution. The trusted provider of veterinary information since 1955, Vaccine Failure and Other Adverse Events in Animals, Last review/revision Jul 2020 | Modified Nov 2022. Several reasons may contribute to post-injection stiffness, including age, previous injuries, and overexertion. If you are not experienced in administering intramuscular injections, your veterinarian can answer all of your questions and help you understand how to safely give the injection. After use it is very important that needles have their protective caps securely replaced to prevent someone becoming injured. If you have the choice, the SQ method is the safest and easiest way to give vaccines, but some vaccines can only be given intramuscularly. 5 0 obj <> endobj 0000028815 00000 n Different formulations of injection are used for the different routes and it is particularly important not to administer an injection directly into the blood unless it is specifically recommended for this route. Some clients find it easier to give the injection during mealtime, as it minimizes movement. IMPORTANT: The authors, reviewers, and editors of the material in the 2020 AAHA Anesthesia and Monitoring Guidelines for Dogs and Cats have made extensive efforts to ensure that treatments, drugs, and dosage regimens are accurate and conform to the standards accepted at the time of publication . Also, it can help reduce the amount of time the drug remains in the muscle. Then thoroughly wash your finger with soap and water for 5 minutes, preferably using a soft nail brush on the affected area. 0000025892 00000 n Online Shop Software powered by 3DCart. These muscle tissues have less pain receptors and are ideal for viscous medications. In feedlot cattle, the respiratory form is most common. the triceps muscle (behind the humerus (arm bone) in the front leg). These intramuscular injections are usually on the neck, chest, glute, or hind leg, though it may differ depending on the animal, there are fewer pain receptors is muscle tissues making it an ideal site for more irritating or viscous medications. Canine & Feline IM Injections Stick the needle into the container and inject the air inside. Dog Limping After Intramuscular Injection (What Went Wrong?) Certain medical conditions can be controlled by the use of drugs that are only available in an injectable formulation. 68NFDFI 0000029283 00000 n : US 9.458,536 B2 Felts Et Al; . 0000005714 00000 n Rsum. Injecting your cat - Bishops Stortford Vets Working with syringes and needles requires great care, and you need to learn how to provide that care for your pets. 39 kilogram is equal to 85.98028218 pounds. The interval between vaccine doses depends on an animal's immunologic memory. Most syringes are small enough to allow the plunger to be depressed with the palm of the same hand once the needle has been positioned underneath the skin. When this is done, testing the animal for antibodies to this specific antigen enables DIVA to occur. Giving them intravenously can be risky and may cause a side effect. The needle may bend, but it is much more likely that the injection may end up outside the pet rather than inside when dealing with a wiggly pet. How to Vaccinate Your Dog or Cat - Revival Animal Health If you are unsure that your pet received the full amount of the injection, contact your veterinary hospital for instructions. The first step is to prepare the skin. 0000031365 00000 n Dog Restraint for Lateral Saphenous Blood Draw/IV Catheter, 17. Additionally, a used needle can be painful for your dog. Having someone assist you will make the procedure easier. Intramuscular Injection Sites Flashcards | Quizlet Owners should be made aware that protection can be maintained reliably only when vaccines are used in accordance with the protocol approved by vaccine licensing authorities. Good technique minimizes this but even so, many animals will react to the injection. Veterinary Clinical Skills Compendium Copyright by Susan Spence. Subcutaneous injections are given in the neck half way up, over the ribs and well behind the shoulder. The low end of the dose is used for moderate sedation, the high end of the dose for deep . The simultaneous administration of multiple vaccines to an animal does not present difficulties to the immune system of normal, healthy animals. Patient prep LAB- Clip, Scrub, Open Glove, Quarter Drape, 27. Some tips for giving your dog an IM injection: -Locate the injection site. for kennel cough in dogs, are given into the nose and the live virus is able to penetrate the lining of the nose. Insulin Syringes Difference between U 100 and U 40 and Emergency Conversion Chart, 54. 213 2422 20, Subcutaneous ('under the skin') injection. The best place to inject is half-way up the neck, in front of the shoulder. Use OR to account for alternate terms The viral infection alone is not life-threatening but predisposes read more, cats against feline rhinotracheitis and calicivirus Feline Respiratory Disease Complex Feline respiratory disease complex is typically manifested by clinical signs of the eyes, nose, and mouth ( rhinosinusitis, sneezing, conjunctivitis, lacrimation, salivation, and oral ulcerations read more infections, poultry against infectious bronchitis Infectious Bronchitis in Poultry Infectious bronchitis is an acute, highly contagious upper respiratory tract disease in chickens. Injecting straight into the vein can be tough for nonprofessionals, especially with critters covered in fur. The dosage is 2 mg/lb, or 0.02 mL/lb, which equates to 1 mL for every 50 lb of body weight. Intramuscular IM Injection Sites for Dogs and Cats. A veterinarian will use the most appropriate site for your dogs IM injection. When administering an intramuscular injection to your dog, its essential to have a good technique. Use gauze to stop the bleeding. Given the nature of syringes and needles, the procedure can be quite delicate and potentially painful. The link you have selected will take you to a third-party website. . ex) adult heart worm treatment in dogs-lumbar muscle, some vaccines in horses-neck or rear leg muscles, vaccines in cattle/pigs-neck muscles just distal to the ear. Local adverse vaccine reactions include pain at the injection site, hair loss or change in hair color at the injection site, and swellings. Others can be injected into a vein (intravenous, or IV injection) or into a muscle (intramuscular, or IM injection). What are the benefits of giving your dog an IM? There are some dogs that might even limp for a bit after being groomed. 44 0 obj <>stream Tapping the barrel while it is needle-side-up pushes the bubbles to the tip. Your IP: Intramuscular-within the muscle, different specific sites are indicated for SA, EQ, and FA! Female Dog Urethral Catheterization- Using Vaginal Speculum, 16. Dispose of the needle and syringe into a properly labeled needle disposal container. Combinations usually involve priming with a DNA plasmid vaccine and boosting with either a vectored recombinant vaccine or with adjuvanted protein antigens. Fish and shrimp may be vaccinated by immersion in a solution of antigen, which is absorbed through their skin and gills. 0000030652 00000 n Good technique minimizes this but even so, many animals will react to the injection. Malcolm Weir, DVM, MSc, MPH; Ernest Ward, DVM, Contributors: Malcolm Weir, DVM, MSc, MPH; Ernest Ward, DVM. The average intramuscular dose for dogs is 20 mg. Within a group of animals, there may be a great difference between the shortest and longest duration of protection. However, manufacturers have recognized this and modified vaccines accordingly. A simple serologic assay such as ELISA will provide this differentiation and enable eradication to proceed in the presence of vaccination. Eventually, most pets will become accustomed to the procedure. Dog and cat | Bristol Veterinary School | University of Bristol the abdominal cavity (known as intraperitoneal injection) or thoracic cavity (known as intrapleural injection), the quadriceps (muscle on the front of the thigh), lumbodorsal muscles (muscles either side of the lumbar spine). Signs include tremors, ataxia, and weakness that progresses to paralysis. 0000012952 00000 n 0 Patient prep LAB- Clip, Scrub, Open Glove, Quarter Drape, 27. Pinch some loose skin from the back of the neck or "scruff" region (between the shoulder blades) between your thumb and forefinger. 0000001543 00000 n Dog Restraint For Cephalic Blood Draw/IV Catheter, 18. Administration of Vaccines in Animals - Merck Veterinary Manual Female Dog Urethral Catheterization- Using Vaginal Speculum, 16. You should use a clean, straight movement when inserting the needle, and never push too deep. The most frequently used sites for IV injections in the dog are the cephalic and lateral saphenous veins. If you have a nervous dog, enlist the assistance of another person or call the veterinary clinic to get instructions on restraining the dog. After giving your pet an injection, you may want to give him a massage to help ease the pain and promote circulation. b. Injections can be made via intradermal (ID), subcutaneous (SC), intramuscular (IM), or intravenous (IV) routes. Your veterinarian will prescribe the appropriate needles and syringes for your pet's needs. You should then push the plunger down to administer the medication. <<54A8A36D2AFB98469FF27A33A8DBE940>]/Prev 458361>> IM injections for canines are generally performed in the thigh muscles on the front of the rear limb or the hamstring muscles on the backside of the rear leg. Intramuscular- within the muscle, different specific sites are indicated for SA, EQ, and FA! Because of the complexity of many disease syndromes or to avoid giving animals multiple injections, it is common to use mixtures of organisms in single vaccines. Essential (or core) vaccines should be given to all animals of a species, and veterinarians should ensure that immunity is maintained throughout an animal's life by appropriate revaccination. When giving insulin to a dog, its important to remember that its important to insert the needle in the back of the neck, scruff region. 0000013765 00000 n Get the right information from your vet, then get the right care products for your pet.