economic importance of coconut

The reasons why coconut are cultivated only in Yemen's Al Mahrah and Hadramaut governorates and in the Sultanate of Oman, but not in other suitable areas in the Arabian Peninsula, may originate from the fact that Oman and Hadramaut had long dhow trade relations with Burma, Malaysia, Indonesia, East Africa, and Zanzibar, as well as southern India and China. It can be reduced further to yield coconut sugar also referred to as palm sugar or jaggery. Trees grow up to 30 metres (100 feet) tall and can yield up to 75 fruits per year, though fewer than 30 is more typical. Saturated fat is associated with hypercholesterolemia high cholesterol , atherosclerosis hardening of the arteries , and heart disease. In fact, the toning property of coconut helps in preventing acne by minimizing the pores of the skin, leaving it glowing. One recently selected cultivar, the 'Maypan', has been bred for resistance to this disease. Several countries economies are based on the coconut palm. Theyre mostly green until they fully mature. Easily kills parasites and helps remove them from body. [18][19] Niu vai endocarp fragments have been recovered in archaeological sites in the St. Matthias Islands of the Bismarck Archipelago. A young, well-maintained tree can produce around 300 litres (79 US gallons) of toddy per year, while a 40-year-old tree may yield around 400L (110USgal). Because of their soft textures, they are unsuitable for grating. [127][128][129] Desiccated coconut are used in confections and desserts such as macaroons. Copra prices went down and plantations were neglected or under-planted with other crops. The liquid of the nut, known as coconut water, is used in beverages. However they are mainly present as decoration, and the Australian coconut industry is small; Australia is a net importer of coconut products. They have a thick fibrous husk surrounding the single-seeded nut. [76], Coconut palms are normally cultivated in hot and wet tropical climates. Bertrand, Mireille. [1] Severe frost is usually fatal, although they have been known to recover from temperatures of 4C (25F). typica) and "Dwarf" (var. Coconut palms grow in the wet tropical and subtropical coastal Indian and Pacific ocean regions. [102], Coconut milk, not to be confused with coconut water, is obtained by pressing the grated coconut meat, usually with hot water added which extracts the coconut oil, proteins, and aromatic compounds. What's Funny About The Business Of Monkeys Picking Coconuts? Economic Role Coconut palms yield roughly 20 percent of the markets oils and fats, Just Change Trust estimates. For example, the Polynesian and Melanesian term niu; Tagalog and Chamorro term niyog; and the Malay word nyiur or nyior. The fruit may also be damaged by eriophyid coconut mites (Eriophyes guerreronis). They usually remain genetically isolated when introduced to new regions, making it possible to trace their origins. [25] The female flower is much larger than the male flower. (2008). Indo-Atlantic coconuts, in contrast, all have the ancestral traits of tall habits and elongated triangular fruits. econom y of Sri Lanka. [18][19][20], A full-sized coconut fruit weighs about 1.4 kilograms (3pounds 1ounce). This accompanies the palagip (prayer to the dead). [131][86] Most of the fat is saturated (89%), with lauric acid being the major fatty acid. It also had ceremonial importance in pre-colonial animistic religions. [43], The specific name nucifera is derived from the Latin words nux (nut) and fera (bearing), for 'nut-bearing'. Besides, the stem is used for construction of houses and leaves are used for thatching, fencing and making baskets and broomsticks. What Does The Fig Tree Represent In John 1? Mature Malakatad coconut meat has a tough texture and thus are processed before consumption or made into copra. [161] It is used in horticulture in potting compost, especially in orchid mix. Palm. It is governed by a single recessive gene (there are studies to this effect) and . The leaves are used for thatching houses, or for decorating climbing frames and meeting rooms in Cambodia, where the plant is known as d:ng.[158]. All rights reserved. It is most strikingly displayed in Madagascar, an island settled by Austronesian sailors at around 2000 to 1500 BP. Coconut oil has anti-inflammatory properties, making it beneficial for irritated, chafed skin. The Coconut Palm Cocos Nucifera L. See also Can You Drink Malibu If You'Re Allergic To Coconut? Virgin coconut oil is predicted to experience high demand from consumers with higher health consciousness and as well as aging population. Coconut oil is moisturizing and has been used for centuries as a hair tonic and skin care product. In 1987, a "coconut law" was signed by Governor Edwin Edwards exempting from insurance liability any decorated coconut "handed" from a Zulu float. The coir is used to make brooms in Cambodia.[158]. This, together with their use of the South American sweet potato, suggests that Austronesian peoples may have sailed as far east as the Americas. Its meat is sweetened, cut into strands, and sold in glass jars as coconut strings, sometimes labeled as "coconut sport". It is predominantly used in the bakery and confectionary industries (especially in non-coconut-producing countries) because of its longer shelf life compared to freshly grated coconut. What are the benefits of coconut products? Dried coconut leaves can be burned to ash, which can be harvested for lime. The inner posterior tepal is completely outside. [104], In Goa, the coconut tree has been reclassified by the government as a palm (rather than a tree), enabling farmers and developers to clear land with fewer restrictions and without needing permission from the forest department before cutting a coconut tree.[105][106]. The export of spices generates foreign exchange earnings of Rs. Malakatad (literally "leather-like") refers to fully mature coconut meat (around 8 to 9 months old) with an opaque white appearance, a tough rubbery to leathery texture, and is difficult to separate from the shell. [120] They can also be determined traditionally by tapping on the coconut fruit. Male flower Bracteate, ebracteolate, sessile, staminate, incomplete, trimerous, actinomorphic and pistillodes are present. Coconut oil, aside from being used in cooking as an ingredient and for frying, is used in soaps, cosmetics, hair oil, and massage oil. The coconut has cultural and religious significance in certain societies, particularly in the Western Pacific Austronesian cultures where it features in their mythologies, songs, and oral traditions. [7] A frayed piece of root can also be used as a toothbrush. De-husked coconuts typically weigh around 750 to 850 grams (1lb 10oz to 1lb 14oz). Coconut is an important tree crop with diverse end-users and employment generation potentials. 70% of the total coconut production is for domestic consumption in most producing countries making Coconut a critical global food security crop. The biggest barrier to establishing an investment climate for coconut and an economic alternative to oil palm land area expansion is the critical lack of quality planting materials and coconut investment model. Other types of large trees produce a single downward-growing tap root with a number of feeder roots growing from it. Coconut production plays an important role in the national economy of the Philippines. The tradition began in the 1910s, and has continued since. PETA later clarified that the use of macaques is not practiced in the Philippines, India, Brazil, Colombia, Hawaii, and other major coconut-producing regions. Omani people needed the coir rope from the coconut fiber to stitch together their traditional seagoing dhow vessels in which nails were never used. The fresh husk of a brown coconut may serve as a dish sponge or body sponge. Why Is Coconut Abundant In The Philippines? - Sweetish Hill [175], The coconut is also used as a target and prize in the traditional British fairground game coconut shy. A single coconut palm may yield 100 coconuts annually, and each fruit requires a year to fully ripen. Domesticated coconuts also have more amounts of coconut water. While theres no direct way to make your hair grow faster overnight, there are steps you can take to keep your hair healthy and long. For other uses, see, "Coconut tree" redirects here. (2006). Stem Aerial, erect, unbranched and columnar, having prominent scars of leaf bases. In Coco Coir Global, we are honored to be the leading coir substrate manufacturing company with top-grade products that are trusted and confirmed by many customers around the world. and Koop Wind (Eds.). ; Batugal, P.; Bonnot, F. (2008). However, they can be eaten anytime after seven months (1, 2). Rajamohan T. Clinical Biochemistry. Conclusion A high source of important vitamins and minerals, as well as high in fibre, fruits are an excellent food choice. Coconut is the fruit of the coconut palm. What are the economic importance of coconut? nuciferae. In addition to its economic value as a source of food and materials, the coconut is also an important source of income for many small-scale farmers and communities. Coconut meat can also be cut into larger pieces or strips, dried, and salted to make "coconut chips" or "coco chips". Traditional areas of coconut in India are the states of Kerala, Tamilnadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Orissa, Goa, West Bengal, Pondicherry, Maharashtra and Islands of Lakshadweep and Andaman and Nicobar. However, several states like Assam, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Tripura, Manipur, Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh have emerged as non-traditional areas for the cultivation of coconut. The discovery of this behavior was observed in Bali and North Sulawesi in Indonesia between 1998 and 2008. The original one is held each October in Greenwich. IMPORTANCE OF COCONUT Coconut is the environment friendly small-holder palm of the tropical environment Covering 12.28 million hectares in 90 countries with an annual production of 64.3 billion nuts Coconut provides USD$ 7.73 Billion per annum to global coconut small holders [11] Many modern different varieties are also grown, including the Maypan coconut, King coconut, and Macapuno. As of 2006, the U.S. annually imported 190 million pounds of coconut oil, whose worldwide trade reached $20 million. According to the Just Change Trust in India, over 500 million coconut palms are cultivated in tropical regions, where coconuts are the prime source of fats and protein for more than 400 million people. On account of this, thepalm has been regarded as Kalpvriksh (Tree of heaven). The coconut oil is in great demand for edible purposes, for soap making toilet preparation. [178] In Maldivian folklore, one of the main myths of origin reflects the dependence of the Maldivians on the coconut tree. The fragments are dated to approximately 1000BCE, suggesting that cultivation and artificial selection of coconuts were already practiced by the Austronesian Lapita people. The meat may also be grated and mixed with water to make coconut milk, which is used in cooking and as a substitute for cows milk. This pattern coincides with the known trade routes of Austronesian sailors. Perera, Champa K. Bandaranayake and Hugh C. Harries. However, they can be eaten anytime after seven months 1, 2. The stiff midribs of coconut leaves are used for making brooms in India, Indonesia (sapu lidi), Malaysia, the Maldives, and the Philippines (walis tingting). It has great demand in confectionary and other good industries. Some cultivars are more drought resistant such as 'West coast tall' (India) while others such as 'Hainan Tall' (China) are more cold tolerant. A single coconut palm may yield 100 coconuts annually, and each coconut requires a year to fully ripen. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 59 (7): 995. They need annual rainfall of at least 120cm, temperatures from 70 to 86 degrees Fahrenheit and sandy, slightly acidic soil with good drainage. The process of husk extraction from the coir bypasses the retting process, using a custom-built coconut husk extractor designed by ASEANCanada Forest Tree Seed Centre in 1986. VCO is extracted f rom the fresh , matur e coconut kernel mechanically with or without t he use of heat. There are currently two major viewpoints on the origins of the genus Cocos, one in the Indo-Pacific, and another in South America. Both the exocarp and the mesocarp make up the "husk" of the coconut, while the endocarp makes up the hard coconut "shell". In Belize, coconuts are grown countrywide. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations: Economic And Social Department: The Statistical Division. Ans : Ripening is characterised by an increase in the breakdown of starch within the fruit, as well as an increase in the number of simple sugars that are sweet in taste such as sucrose, glucose, and fructose as a result of this breakdown. Training without Reward: Traditional Training of Pig-tailed Macaques as Coconut Harvesters. Based on color and size, younger coconuts tend to be smaller and have brighter colors, while more mature coconuts have browner colors and are larger. The green of the leaves (lamina) is stripped away, leaving the veins (long, thin, woodlike strips) which are tied together to form a broom or brush. [165], Researchers from the Melbourne Museum in Australia observed the octopus species Amphioctopus marginatus use tools, specifically coconut shells, for defense and shelter. Lately, civil wars and crop failures have driven up the EU Rotterdam coconut oil price, which has doubled during 2010-2011, nearing $2,000 per tonne, according to the UK Grocer. [64], The dwarf coconut cultivars are fully domesticated, in contrast to tall cultivars which display greater diversity in terms of domestication (and lack thereof). The meat can be eaten fresh from the coconut but the meat can also be used to make oil, milk, cream and desiccated coconut. [90], A system of bamboo bridges and ladders directly connecting the tree canopies are also utilized in the Philippines for coconut plantations that harvest coconut sap (not fruits) for coconut vinegar and palm wine production. From here, island-hopping via coral atolls lining the Tethys Sea, potentially boosted by the ocean currents at the time, would have proved crucial to dispersal, eventually allowing ancestral coconuts to reach India. Despite the economic importance of the palm, coconut production continued to show stagnancy in production, productivity, and trade in the recent decade (Sairam and Jayasekhar 2018). In large amounts, coconut water might cause potassium levels in the blood to become too high. Virgin coconut oil (VCO), extracted from fresh coconut kernel using the cold press method, that produces the finest and purest grade coconut oil with maximum retention of nutrients, vitamins, minerals, and anti-oxidants, thus making it the mother of all oils. It is eaten as is or used as an ingredient in various dishes. Coconuts probably originated somewhere in Indo-Malaya and are one of the most important crops of the tropics. of tender .coconut and is used as refreshing and agreeable drink and as a useful substitute for saline glucose in intravenous infusion. It was first developed for commercial cultivation in the Philippines and is used widely in Philippine cuisine for desserts, drinks, and pastries. [27] How do you choose the best tender coconut. Coconut Oil May Help Treat Acne Because coconut oil and its components may help reduce inflammation in the body, it may also aid in the treatment of acne. [18][19][20] Overall, the coconut fruit is an important economic resource that has a wide range of uses and contributes significantly to local and global economies. [101], Coconut flour has also been developed for use in baking, to combat malnutrition. Over the course of evolutionary time-scales the shifting atolls would have shortened the paths of colonization, meaning that any one coconut would not have to travel very far to find new land. A study in 2008 showed that the coconuts in the Americas are genetically closest related to coconuts in the Philippines, and not to any other nearby coconut populations (including Polynesia). Mathur, P.N. They grow best near sea level, within 15 degrees of the Equator. ; Putter, C.A.J. The coconut tree is the official state tree of Kerala, India. Traditional Training of Pig-tailed Macaques as Coconut HarvestersM Bertrand; Science; Jan 1967. Furthermore, the exports of coconut products serve as the nation's prime foreign exchange earner.

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