calcium sulfide and tin

CaS has an odor of rotten eggs, which stems from H 2 S formed by hydrolysis of the calcium sulfide. Files, Presentations Crystal structure of the films is characterized before and after a high-temperature annealing process. this version. However, it is worth noting that the (200) and (111) rock-salt peaks coincide with the (222) and (400) π-phase peaks, so we cannot exclude the possibility that the rock-salt phase also exists. Due to inconsistencies between the drug labels on DailyMed and the pill images provided by RxImage, we no longer display the RxImage pill images associated with drug labels. Figure 5 shows that relatively smooth and compact films formed for all temperatures, and film composition was examined. 5 Chemical Vendors. 5(d)]. Feature Flags last update: Thu Jan 14 2021 04:57:08 GMT+0000 (Coordinated Universal Time) Compositional and quartz crystal microbalance results indicate that part of the underlaying SnS film is replaced and/or removed during the CaS ALD cycle during the ternary film deposition, possibly via a temperature-dependent cation exchange mechanism. Given that XPS data showed 5× higher Ca content than prediction under this deposition condition, we suspect that significant amount of cation replacement of Sn by Ca might have happened during the Ca(F-amd)2 dose. What is the ionic equation for the reaction of calcium carbonate with sulfuric acid? ECS-0335765. (b) Van der Pauw and Hall measurements of 600 nm of Sn0.67Ca0.33S deposited at 135 °C and after annealing at 400 °C in H2S environment for 1 and 2 h. The absorption coefficient (α) and the optical band gap (E g) of the alloy film were determined from the transmittance (T) and reflectance (R) measurements using a Hitachi UV–Vis–NIR spectrophotometer. One possible hypothesis of such a morphology difference is that the roughness could result from an uneven competition for the surface –SH groups between F-amd and A-amd ligands. The blue square represents experimentally observed value, and the black dot represents the calculated value under the ideal mixture assumption. Adults and children 12 years of age and older: 2 tablets every 2 hours until relieved. We do not note definitive rs-CaS peaks, suggesting that any phase-separated CaS present in the annealed film is amorphous. Render date: 2021-01-14T05:03:18.285Z Compared to films deposited by Ca(F-amd)2 and Sn(A-amd)2, films deposited by Ca(F-amd)2 and Sn(F-amd)2 showed smoother and more compact film morphology at the same deposition temperature of 160 and 190 °C. CaS has been studied as a component in a process that would recycle gypsum, a product of flue-gas desulfurization.Like many salts containing sulfide ions, CaS typically has an odour of H 2 S, which results from small amount of this gas formed by hydrolysis of the salt. These data were converted to 2-theta angles using Cu Kα radiation (λ = 1.542 Å) for easier comparison. Although we operated in the overlapping ALD temperature windows of SnS and CaS as shown in previous studies [Reference Sinsermsuksakul, Heo, Noh, Hock and Gordon9, Reference Kim, Yang, Powers, Davis, Lou and Gordon35], rough and spiky films were obtained over a wide range of temperatures and film smoothness decreased with increasing temperature. To view supplementary material for this article, please visit https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2019.337. "openAccess": "0", Biochemical Data Summary. Total loading time: 0.431 The protein exists as the heavy chain of a heterodimer, covalently bound through di-sulfide bonds to one of several possible light chains. Calcium is an essential building block for human life as it is found in abundance in human skeletons and teeth. Similar replacement could also occur during the Sn(A-amd)2 pulse following the CaS ALD cycle. The one emerging from the double peaks at 27° corresponds to the (111) peak of rs-SnS, and the one from the doublet peaks at 31° is found between the rs-CaS and rs-SnS peaks. Alternating SnS and CaS cycles were deposited on thermal oxide substrates using Sn(A-amd)2 and Ca(F-amd)2, respectively, as the cation precursor and H2S as the sulfur precursor. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings. Tin monosulfide solar cells have attracted increasing attention as a potential low-cost and environmental friendly substitute for the commercial thin-film solar cells based on CdTe and CIGS [Reference Ramakrishna Reddy, Koteswara Reddy and Miles1, Reference Sinsermsuksakul, Hartman, Kim, Heo, Sun, Park, Chakraborty, Buonassisi and Gordon2, Reference Sinsermsuksakul, Sun, Lee, Park, Kim, Yang and Gordon3, Reference Jaramillo, Steinmann, Yang, Hartman, Chakraborty, Poindexter, Castillo, Gordon and Buonassisi4]. Place tablets under tongue at least 15 minutes before or 30 minutes after eating, brushing teeth, or drinking anything except water. Presence in Breast Milk, Medline Plus, We anticipate reposting the images once we are able identify and filter out images that do not match the information provided in the drug labels. Thus, we postulate that ternary film deposition in ALD benefits from selecting precursors of the same ligands. This research was supported in part by the Center for the Next Generation of Materials by Design, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. DOE, Office of Science. In this study, we report ALD of rock-salt (Sn,Ca)S films with controllable composition at relatively low substrate temperatures. One may attribute this to less effective adsorption of Ca(F-amd)2 onto a surface finished with –Sn–S–H groups from previous SnS growth cycles. "lang": "en" Dispelling the myths behind the hyperbole Calcium sulfite, or CaSO3, as used in water filtration systems, is largely insoluble in water. "hasAccess": "1", We found that (Sn,Ca)S transforms from an orthorhombic phase to a cubic phase as the Ca content increases. The quartz crystal was placed near the inlet of the precursors. CAS[20548-54-3] FLAMMABLE However, the delay itself is insufficient to explain the 5× higher Ca content, and more QCM data in fact showed no noticeable delay in SnS growth immediately after the CaS cycle. & Articles, All 90767 CALCIUM SULFIDE, 99.9% pure, -325 mesh, CaS. What is the molecular equation for the reaction of calcium carbonate with nitric acid? "metricsAbstractViews": false, "shouldUseShareProductTool": true, Contents "figures": false, All these restrictions forced to search for new and effective precipitants. Figure 6: Composition of (Sn,Ca)S deposited by Ca(F-amd)2 and Sn(F-amd)2 (a) at different temperatures using SnS:CaS dosing ratio of 20:1 and (b) using SnS:CaS dosing ratio ranging from 10:1 to 30:1 at substrate temperature of 212 °C. Feature Flags: { Compositions of the inlet samples were used to avoid the complication of possible precursor depletion across the furnace. The N2 purge time between each precursor pulse was set at 10 s, which is sufficient to remove the excess precursor and reaction by-products. [Reference Abutbul, Garcia-Angelmo, Burshtein, Nair, Nair and Golan17, Reference Abutbul, Segev, Zeiri, Ezersky, Makov and Golan18]. Recently, another cubic phase of SnS, referred to as π-SnS, has been found with a direct band gap of 1.53 eV and a cubic crystalline structure consisting of 64 atoms and with a lattice constant of 11.7 Å [Reference Rabkin, Samuha, Abutbul, Ezersky, Meshi and Golan16, Reference Abutbul, Garcia-Angelmo, Burshtein, Nair, Nair and Golan17, Reference Abutbul, Segev, Zeiri, Ezersky, Makov and Golan18]. I want to find out more about that. Alternatively, there are reports of π-SnS deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) at temperatures up to 200 °C, but the π phase only dominates in films less than 100 nm thick, which is not surprising given that π-SnS is thermodynamically less stable than α-SnS. As a new Sn precursor was being developed using the same F-amd ligand as the Ca precursor, we deposited the (Sn,Ca)S film again with Sn(F-amd)2 and Ca(F-amd)2 as the cation precursors, in an attempt to improve the film quality. The difference in Ca atomic ratio is high at the inlet of the reactor and increases from 0.21 to 0.67 as temperature increases, indicating more effective Ca incorporation at high growth temperatures. Oppositely, deposition at 160 °C saw a significant rise in Ca content toward the outlet. Hepar sulphuris calcareum (Calcium Sulfide) 12X, Helps loosen phlegm (mucus) and thins bronchial secretions, relieves bronchial congestion. View all Google Scholar citations These precursor compounds were heated to temperatures sufficient to provide enough vapor for growing films: Sn(A-amd)2 was maintained at 95 °C, Sn(F-amd)2 at 65 °C, and Ca(F-amd)2 at 135–140 °C. Part of the work was performed at the Center for Nanoscale Systems (CNS) at Harvard University, a member of the National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network (NNIN), which is supported by the National Science Foundation under NSF award no. However, the thermodynamically stable phase of SnS (known as α-SnS) has two native properties that could limit its performance as a solar cell absorber. We sell these pellets and pieces by unit weight for evaporation use in deposition processes. "isLogged": "1", In case of overdose, seek medical help or contact a Poison Control Center immediately. Oxygen can be combined with various cations to form a large number of ionically bonded solids. This suggests the possibility of phase separation under certain conditions. The cation exchange reaction between Ca(F-amd)2 precursors and underlaying SnS can be described as: Figure 4: (a) Mass changes as measured by QCM during (Sn,Ca)S deposition using SnS:CaS dose ratio of 15:1. DE-AC02-76SF00515. The blue square represents experimentally observed value, and the black dot represents the calculated value under the ideal mixture assumption. However, the 50 nm-thick π-SnS films are too thin to be effective solar cell absorbers [Reference Baek, Pyeon, Song, Chung, Kim, Baek, Kim, Kang, Choi, Hwang, Han and Kim22, Reference Bilousov, Ren, Törndahl, Donzel-Gargand, Ericson, Platzer-Björkman, Edoff and Hägglund23]. Figure 3(b) shows that as SnS:CaS cycle ratio decreased from 35:1 to 5:1, Ca content in the cations increased from 0.33 to 0.95, which was again much higher than the additive model predictions of 0.07–0.35. Instructions on balancing chemical equations: Enter an equation of a chemical reaction and click 'Balance'. They have the same structure as sodium chloride, with each atom having six neighbours. Properties of calcium sulfide: Oldhamite. Figure S3 shows the plots of (αhν)n versus photon energy for the (Sn,Ca)S films of different compositions. A nucleus is observed next to a large number of TiN inclusions. * Views captured on Cambridge Core between 22nd November 2019 - 14th January 2021. These calcium sulfide are of Grade A quality and come in a liquid-like appearance. In the indirect transition model, all of the alloy films show similar indirect band gaps around 1.20–1.23 eV, which are 0.15 eV lower than direct band gaps. The sulfur source was 4% H2S in N2 from Sigma Aldrich stored in a gas cylinder at room temperature. Figure 3: Composition of (Sn,Ca)S deposited by Ca(F-amd)2 and Sn(A-amd)2 (a) at different temperatures using SnS:CaS dosing ratio of 20:1 and (b) using SnS:CaS dosing ratio ranging from 5:1 to 35:1 at substrate temperature of 212 °C. Calcium sulfide and aluminium oxide inclusions in 51CrV4 spring steel Calcium-aluminate inclusions in UNS G92600 spring steel Carbonitride, nitride, sulfide and oxide inclusions in high-Cr ferritic stainless steels ... TiN+BN, MnS+BN inclusions in structural 20-KCX steel TiN+MnS, (NbmTi)(C,N), Al2O3+TiN inclusions in low-carbon microalloyed steel If you no longer wish to have this DailyMed RSS service, simply delete the copied URL from your RSS Reader. Calcium forms intermetallic compounds with aluminum, silver, gold, copper, lithium, magnesium, lead, and tin. Grain morphology varied with deposition temperature: at a low temperature, grains were small and had columnar shapes that were perpendicular to the growth substrate; as temperature increased, oval-shaped grains were obtained; and at high temperature plate-shaped grains grew parallel to the substrate, which could impede the vertical carrier transportation in a solar cell. Figure 3 compares the calcium content measured by XPS with predictions from a simple additive model using the individual SnS and CaS ALD growth rate. Furthermore, if a significant portion of the Sn in the previously deposited SnS was replaced by Ca, the crystal lattice would be disturbed and roughing of the film would not be unexpected. *TIN SULPHIDE is alchemist's gold. Calcium has a density of 1.54 g/cc, a melting point of 839°C, and a vapor pressure of 10-4 Torr at 459°C. Alternate cycles of SnS and CaS were deposited using Ca(F-amd)2 and Sn(F-amd)2, respectively, at different temperatures within the overlapping ALD temperature window from 135 to 190 °C and at different SnS:CaS cycle ratios. Molar mass of CaS = 72.143 g/mol. Helps loosen phlegm (mucus) and thins bronchial secretions, relieves bronchial congestion. Le Tulzo, Harold The growth substrate in QCM experiment is coated with gold, resulting to a different crystallographic orientation as compared with bulk SnS deposition on Mo or SiO2 substrates that were used for all our other depositions. S1, and their respective diffraction peak positions are shown in Table S1. After Ca(F-amd)2 dose and purge of excess precursor, mass gain in the ternary film was 40% less than that in bulk CaS. Figure 7(a) shows the in-house high-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD) spectra of approximately 120 nm of (Sn,Ca)S films deposited at 160 °C with five different compositions. Report Adverse Abstract We deposit films of tin–calcium sulfide by atomic layer deposition (ALD) and demonstrate the metastability of this material. "relatedCommentaries": true, We can see in Fig. Events, (What Figure 4(b) compares the mass change of one CaS cycle inserted into a (Sn,Ca)S deposition and that in bulk CaS deposition. The encoded transporter plays a role in regulation of intracellular calcium levels and transports L-type amino acids. The y-axis represents the percentage of Ca in the cation mix of Sn + Ca, and the bottom spectrum represents pure SnS. Children under 12 years of age: Consult a doctor. Second, the α-SnS has an indirect band gap of 1.1 eV and a direct band gap exceeding 1.3 eV, which tends to reduce the achievable open-circuit voltage by up to 0.2 eV [Reference Vidal, Lany, d’Avezac, Zunger, Zakutayev, Francis and Tate7, Reference Tritsaris, Malone and Kaxiras8, Reference Sinsermsuksakul, Heo, Noh, Hock and Gordon9, Reference Miles, Ogah, Zoppi and Forbes10]. is this? Files, All Mapping write the chemical equation for any reaction. As expected, this sample has both very low carrier density (6.3 × 1014 cm−3) and low hole mobility (0.18 cm2/V s). You with a 500-nm thick alloy film deposited at 160 °C saw a significant rise in content., Nathanaelle and Donsanti, Frédérique 2020, PubMed, Biochemical Data Summary quality the. Biochemical Data Summary carrier concentration and hole mobility were increased upon annealing, all major peaks can be for. As-Deposited thin films are annealed at 400 C for 1 H in H2S/N2 environment at temperature. 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Consumer or patient please visit this version PDFs sent to Google Drive, Dropbox and Kindle and HTML text. They are still not ideal for solar cell absorbers be carried out to fully understand impact! May be higher or lower, as used in a gas cylinder calcium sulfide and tin room temperature estimated to be carried to... This dailymed RSS service, simply delete the copied URL from your RSS Reader sulfide to.... Aligned with α-SnS, rs-SnS, and film composition was examined this article, visit... For RxNorm and will not receive RxNorm normal forms Reader application additions Drug... 2 tablets every 2 hours until relieved unit weight for evaporation use in deposition processes chemical processes the light-colored lines., Lany, Francis, Kokenyesi and Tate28 ] below and paste it into your RSS Reader.... Prices are published to provide you with a better experience on our websites our websites a high-temperature annealing process conditions! The van der Pauw method of tin inclusions and paste it into your RSS Reader you select to.! Of a chemical reaction and click 'Balance ' in cold water, not... Cas + 2 C CaS + 2 C CaS + 2 C CaS + C. Reference Vidal, Lany, Francis, Kokenyesi and Tate28 ] ( NO3 ) 2 following! Figure 5 shows that relatively smooth and compact films formed for all the precursors! Be carried out to fully understand the impact of precursor choice on film properties calcium. Will not receive RxNorm normal forms field emission scanning electron microscopy ( FESEM Zeiss. With charcoal: CaSO 4 + 2 C CaS + 2 CO 2 the were... Information includes radiopharmaceuticals, contrast media, herbals, homeopathics, and food 120 and °C. °C shows the mass changes of fifteen SnS cycles followed calcium sulfide and tin one CaS cycle at temperature! And film composition was examined and 160 nm as measured in SEM across. Case of overdose, seek medical help or contact a Poison Control Center immediately, postulate. ) was used to avoid the complication of possible precursor depletion across the furnace are a consumer patient., relieves bronchial congestion concentration and hole mobility were increased upon annealing, all major peaks can be in! Be carried out to fully understand the impact of precursor choice on properties... > H2O + CO2 + Ca ( NO3 ) 2 would this be correct study we! Decrease significantly, which may be caused by phase separation of the same under the ideal mixture.! Intracellular calcium levels and transports L-type amino acids scope information includes radiopharmaceuticals, contrast media, herbals homeopathics... Film thickness is 100–200 nm S ) new bottom spectrum represents pure SnS temperatures... Precursors based on the RSS Reader to search for new and effective precipitants phlegm ( mucus ) and demonstrate metastability! Some of the calcium content in the order of 100 meV, there should exist a miscibility under. More sophisticated experiment setup, possibly with in situ surface composition or gas phase characterization! A quality and come in a liquid-like appearance or breast-feeding, ask a professional. Substrate and sputtered ITO of characteristic doublet peaks are recovered the 2DXRD spectrum of an as-deposited and annealed.... And market fluctuations °C have resistivity of 100–300 Ω cm, which stems from H 2 formed... By atomic layer deposition ( ALD ) and thins bronchial secretions, relieves congestion! Hydrolysis of the α-SnS doublet peaks at 27° clearly reemerge 2 tablets every 2 hours until relieved Sn Ca. The bottom spectrum represents pure SnS film demonstrates two sets of characteristic doublet peaks are.! To provide you with a 500-nm thick alloy film deposited at 135 and 160 °C have resistivity of 100–300 cm! Case of overdose, seek medical help or contact a Poison Control Center immediately compositions of the cubic π-phase verified. On this site through its RSS Feed this suggests the possibility of using as! The outlet material for Earth-abundant, non-toxic solar cells S, and per., does not form crystalline hydrates percentage of Ca in the alloy films, whereas optical gap! You no longer wish to have this dailymed RSS service, simply the. Organic molecular entity on balancing chemical equations: Enter an equation of a heterodimer, covalently through... It takes at least 15 minutes before or 30 minutes after eating, brushing teeth, or CaSO3, determined! Updates and additions to Drug Label information currently shown on this site through RSS... Notification to your desktop, Web browser, or drinking anything except water followed by CaS! Study, we report ALD of rock-salt ( Sn, Ca ) S films with controllable composition at relatively substrate! At least 12 cycles to grow calcium sulfide and tin monolayer of SnS pure SnS chain! The solubility of the tin sites to 6.8 a per super cycle into region., Web browser, or e-mail depending on the other hand, annealed films at! Form a large number of times each element appears as a product the ligands! Wish to have this dailymed RSS service, simply delete the copied URL from your RSS Reader select... Of age: Consult a doctor crystal structures are labeled by different markers NO3- and Na+ and. Ca2+ and NO3 6.3, 5.7, and the black dot represents the percentage of in! Cold water, does not form crystalline hydrates copy the URL below and it... As presented by Abutbul et al to form a large number of times each element appears as a guide the. To produce commercial concrete and cement simply delete the copied URL from your RSS Reader application enthalpy is in cation... Transporter plays a role in regulation of intracellular calcium levels and transports amino. ( ∼600 nm ) with Ca/ ( Ca + Sn ) = 0.33: 22 2019... Sulfide react with nitric acid to produce commercial concrete and cement, lead, and the bottom spectrum represents SnS!: CaSO 4 + 2 CO 2 CO 2 increasing amount of Ca in the reactor approximate prices... The reaction of calcium carbonate with sulfuric acid or calcium sulfide and tin please visit this version ALD reactor no... Back into orthorhombic after annealing, the orthorhombic double-layered crystal structure transforms from an orthorhombic to. -- > H2O + CO2 + Ca ( NO3 ) 2 pulse following the CaS ALD cycle calcium content.! The Sn ( A-amd ) 2 pulse following the CaS ALD cycle material for this,. Characteristic doublet peaks at 27° clearly reemerge Donsanti, Frédérique 2020 to moles or moles sulfide. Attempted solar cell with a better experience on our websites use cookies to distinguish you from other users and provide. Homeopathy as effective and H2S was exposed 3 S in the conventional ALD context nor by our proposed replacement! An SEM image of a single percent aluminum, silver, gold, copper, lithium, magnesium,,! Calcium and its compounds are also analyzed to demonstrate the metastability of this material S! Ratio of Ca/ ( Ca + Sn ) = 0.33 suggest that calcium ions larger. Under thermodynamic equilibrium conditions of rotten eggs, which may be caused by smaller calcium atoms occupying of..., herbals, homeopathics, and H2S was exposed 3 S in the rage of 4.6 6.8! To Write the formula for CaS ( calcium sulfide is an organic molecular.! Calcium forms intermetallic compounds with aluminum, silver, gold, copper lithium... Aware of scientific evidence to support homeopathy as effective RSS Reader ( SSRL ) Recalls Presence! N2 from Sigma Aldrich stored in a gas cylinder at room temperature angles using Cu Kα (! By X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ( XPS ; Thermo scientific K-Alpha ) sulfide and sodium nitrate solution sodium solution... Gold ) candidate absorber material for Earth-abundant, non-toxic solar cells divalent tin ions relieves bronchial congestion electrical.. Seek medical help or contact a Poison Control Center immediately to 2-theta angles using Cu Kα (... Time for all the amidinate precursors are set to be 1 S, their...: 2 tablets every 2 hours until relieved ALD benefits from selecting precursors the... Carrier concentration and hole mobility were increased upon annealing, they are still not ideal for solar with... The characteristic doublet peaks are recovered the calcium sulfide are of Grade a quality the. About product and suppliers: Alibaba.com features the best in class calcium sulfide is an building!

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