political parties of nepal

[13] At the end of 18th century, Thapas and Pandes had extreme dominance over Nepalese Darbar politics alternatively contesting for central power with one another. As of December 2007, the legislature had the following composition.[50]. military power in the country, revoked this decision and gave the army chief additional time in office. It has three political parties mainly recognised in the federal parliament: Nepal Communist Party (NCP), Nepali Congress (NC),[1] and Janata Samajwadi Party (JSPN). An angry Prachanda and his party quit the government, majorly citing this reason and decided to operate as the main opposition to the government headed by CPN UML and its co-partner Nepali Congress afterward. Explained: Nepal Political Crisis and Why Parliament Was Dissolved. Oli and the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist-Centre) led by Prachanda; Several agreements in the past two-and-a-half years including the one in mid-September this year have failed to resolve this key issue. Following Indian Independence, Nepali Congress was successful in overthrowing the Rana regime with support from the Indian government and cooperation from the king. [3] During most of the brief periods of democratic exercise in the 1950s as well as the 1990s, Nepali Congress held a majority in parliament. Major parties such as the Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist), Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist) (CPN UML) and the Nepali Congress agreed to write a constitution to replace the interim constitution[37] within 2 years. The three major parties to hold seats in the national government are the Nepal Communist Party (NCP), the Nepali Congress, and the People's Socialist Party, Nepal. KATHMANDU: Alarmed that a political crisis in Nepal could endanger China’s strategic interests and Belt and Road projects, a Chinese Communist Party emissary has … [17][4], In 1990, the joint civil resistance launched by the United left front and Nepali Congress was successful in overthrowing the Panchayat, and the country became a constitutional monarchy. New York: Hyperion. In the aftermath of the 2017 elections, the first one according to the new constitution, NCP has become the ruling party at the federal level as well as six out of seven provinces. About the origin of the first Madhes Movement, Journalist Amarendra Yadav writes in The Rising Nepal[43]"When the then seven-party alliance of the mainstream political parties and the CPN-Maoist jointly announced the Interim Constitution in 2007, it totally ignored the concept of federalism, the most desired political agenda of Madhesis and other marginalised communities. ISBN 0-7868-6878-3. Following a brief ten-year exercise in democracy, another partyless autocracy was initiated, this time by the King, who deposed the democratically elected government of Nepali Congress, imposed or exiled prominent leaders and issued a ban on party politics. Finally, King Gyanendra announced the reinstatement of the House of Representatives, thereby conceding one of the major demands of the SPA, at midnight on 24 April 2006. The King argued that civil politicians were unfit to handle the Maoist insurgency. False hope. Political parties and leaders: the Election Commission of Nepal granted ballot access under the proportional system to 88 political parties for the November-December 2017 House of Representatives election to the Federal Parliament; of these, the following 8 parties won seats: Although the first amendment to the constitution was done, the resistance over the document by Madhesi and Tharus in Nepal still continues.[48][49]. On 19 July 2006, the prime minister, G. P. Koirala, sent a letter to the United Nations announcing the intention of the Nepali government to hold elections to a constituent assembly by April 2007. 2002–2007: Suspension of parliament and Loktantra Andolan, December 2007 to May 2008: Abolition of the monarchy, From Loktantra Andolan to the Constituent Assembly, The first elections after becoming a Republic: the Constituent Assembly, International organisation participation of Nepal, sfn error: no target: CITEREFKarmacharya2005 (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFJoshiRose1966 (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFPradhan2012 (, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist), Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist), Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist-Leninist), Samajbadi Prajatantrik Janata Party, Nepal, International Organization for Standardization, "Is Nepal headed towards a communist state? [34] The Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) became the largest party amidst a general atmosphere of fear and intimidation from all sides. These parties are … The new body consists both of members of the old parliament as well as nominated members. The activities of the King became subject to parliamentary scrutiny and the King's properties were subjected to taxation. [4] The Panchayat loyalists formed National Democratic Party which emerged as the third major party. A day after the promulgation of the interim statute, a group of Madhesi activists under the Upendra Yadav-led Madhesi Janaadhikar Forum-Nepal (then a socio-intellectual NGO) burnt copies of the interim constitution at Maitighar Mandala, Kathmandu." Ruling party leaders Poudel, Gyawali and Oli’s foreign relations adviser Rajan Bhattarai did not respond to the Post’s repeated calls for comments. Jonathan Devendra. Following a four-year autocratic rule by King Gyanendra that failed to defeat the Maoists, a mass civil protest was launched by a coalition of the maoists and the political parties in 2006, which forced the king to stepped down, brought the maoists to the peace process, and established a democratic republic by 2008. Two days later after his death, the late King's surviving brother Gyanendra was proclaimed as a king. From 1991 to 2002 the Parliament (Sansad) had two chambers. After the victory of Loktantra Andolan in the spring of 2006, a unicameral interim legislature replaced the previous parliament. [28] In 2017, a series of elections were held according to the new constitution, which established Nepal Communist Party (NCP) (formally united after the election) as the ruling party at the federal level as well as six of the seven provinces, Nepali Congress as the only significant opposition in federal and provincial levels, while the Madhesi coalition formed the provincial government in Province No. With the political and constitutional crisis in Nepal escalating by the day and the ruling Nepal Communist Party (NCP) undergoing a vertical split, China has stepped up … Political parties of Nepal Nepal Praja Parishad (or simply, Praja Parishad, Popular Council) was the first attempt to form an organization to lead the revolution against the Rana dynasty in Nepal. There are 121 political parties in Nepal enlisted here. Nagar, Lalitpur. Around the same time, Nepalis involved in the Indian Independence Movement started organising into political parties, leading to the birth of Nepali Congress and Communist Party of Nepal. The dissolution of parliament may cause great turmoil too. ", "Nepal Rations Fuel as Political Crisis With India Worsens", "The Secret to Resolving Madhes Andolan III Demands - Madhesi Youth", "Interview: 'For Madhesis, the first amendments to Nepal's new Constitution are a disappointment, "THRD Alliance Resistance Continues as Nepal Observes the 2nd Anniversary of Constitution Promulgation - THRD Alliance", "Interim parliament endorses Interim Constitution-2063", The Interim Constitution of Nepal, 2063 (2007), The Constitution of The Kingdom of Nepal, 2047 (1990), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Politics_of_Nepal&oldid=996421464, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from February 2018, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, Democracy Index rating template users with comma, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from January 2021, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from January 2020, Articles needing additional references from February 2010, All articles needing additional references, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 26 December 2020, at 14:28. This research paper analyzes the role of political parties in the democratic period of 1990-2018. Rest of World News: As the political crisis in Nepal intensifies, the Chinese ambassador in Kathmandu, Hou Yanqi, has set tongues wagging that China could be making one f. The Maoists, as the largest party of the country, took power right after the elections and named Pushpa Kamal Dahal (Prachanda) as the Prime Minister of Nepal. Other opposition leaders fled to India and regrouped there. All political forces including civil society and professional organisations actively galvanised the people. This led to a countrywide uprising called the Loktantra Andolan that started in April 2006. However, The Constitution of Nepal 2015 backtracked from those issues, that were already ensured by the Interim Constitution of Nepal 2008. Both of them were elected as Co-Chairs of the Nepal Communist Party when it was formed in May 2018 through the merger of the Communist Party of Nepal (United Marxist-Leninist), led by K.P. On 21 April 2006, King Gyanendra declared that "power would be returned to the people". [23][24], Following the political consensus to draft the new constitution of the Republic via a constituent assembly, Nepali politics saw a rise of nationalist groups and ideologies. But the President Ram Baran Yadav, as the supreme head of The leading parties were the NCP and the Communist Party of Nepal (United Marxist-Leninist or UML). 2013. [1] While all major parties officially espouse democratic socialism, NCP is considered leftist while Nepali Congress is considered centrist, with most considering it center-left and some center-right. The judiciary has the right of judicial review under the constitution. Although the prince never regained consciousness before dying, Crown Prince Dipendra was the monarch under the law of Nepali royal succession. A broad coalition called the Seven Party Alliance (SPA) was formed in opposition to the royal takeover, encompassing the seven parliamentary parties who held about 90% of the seats in the old, dissolved parliament. While Nepali Congress ran the government for most of the next ten years of democracy that followed, democracy was mostly a disappointment owing to the immature democratic culture and political infighting in the capital, as well as the civil war that followed the guerrilla insurgency launched by the Maoist Party. AsDB, MINA, CCC, Colombo Plan, ESCAP, FAO, Group of 77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, International Development Association, IFAD, International Finance Corporation, IFRCS, International Labour Organization, International Monetary Fund, International Maritime Organization, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, International Organization for Standardization (correspondent), ITU, MONUC, Non-Aligned Movement, OPCW, SAARC, United Nations, UNCTAD, UNDP, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNMOP, UNMOT, UNTAET, UPU, World Federation of Trade Unions, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO CPC Nepal (applicant). The UN-OHCHR, in response to events in Nepal, set up a monitoring program in 2005 to assess and observe the human rights situation there[32]. The judiciary is composed of the Supreme Court (सर्बोच्च अदालत), Appellate courts, and various District courts. The Nepali Congress (Nepali: नेपाली कांग्रेस Nepali pronunciation: [neˈpali ˈkaŋres]; NC) is a social-democratic political party in Nepal.It is the largest opposition party in the House of Representatives and the National Assembly.. 29 ] [ 31 ] triggered the third major party in 2002 on the pretext that it incapable. Support from the King on the pretext that it was founded in 1939 when they the! The rest of the main opposition party [ 1 ] executive power is exercised the... `` [ 44 ] this triggered the third major party uprising called the Andolan! Argued that civil politicians were unfit to handle the Maoist insurgency a while. [ 5 ] in Nepal registered in the Democratic period of 1990-2018 Gyanendra declared that `` power would be to! Was declared a secular state abrogating the previous Parliament framework of a parliamentary with. The judiciary has the right of judicial review under the law of Nepali royal succession 19 days protests... 14 died during the 19 days of protests. 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