isaiah 6:10 commentary

His business was to teach them, not error, but truth; to set them an example not of rebellion, but obedience to the Divine win; to diminish and do away with their moral insensibility and wickedness, not increase them. From the divine viewpoint, God had raised Pharaoh up to demonstrate His sovereignty and power in liberating the Israelites. (St. Thomas Aquinas, [Summa Theologiae] 1. q. xxiv. John 12:40. Make the heart - The word “heart” here is used in the sense of the “mind” - to denote all their mental powers. In Matthew 13:15 the words are quoted in the indicative, is waxed gross, (so the Septuagint), not the imperative, make fat: God's word as to the future is as certain as if it were already fulfilled. Observ. It denotes here the state of mind which is more and more indisposed to attend to the truth. [Note: Grogan, p57.]. He says it means closing up the eyes, so that one cannot see; that the root is שוע shava, by which word the Targum has rendered the word טח tach, Leviticus 14:42, בית את וטח vetach eth beith, "and shall plaster the house." The whole blame of the evil is laid on the people for rejecting the amazing kindness of God; and hence is obtained a more complete solution of that difficulty to which we formerly adverted. Not only does it give great offense, but Satan powerfully excites his followers to raise a dislike of instruction on the pretense of its being not merely useless, but even injurious; that it renders men more obstinate, and leads to their destruction. Go back … Continue reading "Commentary on Isaiah 11:1-10" They carry in their mouth the word of God, by which,as by a lamp, the steps of men ought to be guided; for this encomium, we know, has been pronounced on it by David. To hear, and not understand; to see, and not perceive; is a common saying in many languages. Romans 11:8). God sometimes, in righteous judgment, gives men up to blindness of mind, because they will not receive the truth in the love of it. This effect is the fruit, not of the truth in itself, hut of the corrupt state of their hearts, to which God here judicially gives them over (Isaiah 63:17). The theme of chapter 24 is sounded in its opening words: “Behold, Yahweh makes the earth empty, makes it waste, turns it upside down, and scatters its inhabitants” (24:1a). be healed — of their spiritual malady, sin (Isaiah 1:6; Psalm 103:3; Jeremiah 17:14). That what we hear and see, we understand with the heart - that is, that there be yielded thereunto both assent of the mind and consent of the will, this is faith; (3.) Let us not wonder, therefore, if we appear to be like persons talking to the deaf, when we address those who boast of the name of God. Those, however, whom God did not ordain to life eternal, He passed by and for their sin ordained to dishonor and wrath. "The elect are not saved because they are creatures of light; they too were creatures of darkness and in them there was no goodness, nothing that would attract the light. Mr. Harmer very ingeniously applies to this passage a practice of sealing up the eyes as a ceremony, or as a kind of punishment used in the East, from which the image may possibly be taken. THE CONTEXT. “On this mountain,” God labors (God’s self!) I. This making of their hearts fat, is here ascribed to the prophet, as it is ascribed to God in the repetition of this prophecy, John 12:40, because God inflicted this judgment upon them by the ministry of the prophet, partly by way of prediction, foretelling that this would be the effect of his preaching; and partly by withdrawing the light and help of his Spirit. (Matthew 3:2.) (2) The truth must, nevertheless, be proclaimed. Accordingly, the demonstrative particle הנה, (hinneh,) behold, is emphatic, and implies that the people whom the Lord had peculiarly chosen for himself do not hear the word, and shut their eyes amidst the clearest light. Or the words may be understood thus, according to the Hebrew idiom: "Ye certainly hear, but do not understand; ye certainly see, but do not acknowledge." It implies the reckless headstrong will which defies restraint and warnings. Make the heart of this people fat,] sc., By preaching to them the Word of God, which, because they regard not, it shall become unto them a savour of death, as sweet ointments kill beetles, as a shrill voice hurteth weak ears, as lime is kindled by cold water cast upon it. Isaiah 11:6. True, this prediction was not the cause of their unbelief, but the Lord foretold it, because he foresaw that they would be such as they are here described. Their ears heavy - Dull, stupid, insensible. Atque hic pulchre exprimitur, saith one, ordo obtinendae salutis; and here is excellently set forth the order of obtaining salvation. John Trapp Complete Commentary. This effect is not the fault of the truth; and it is often well that the heart should be known, and the true effect should be seen. lest they see with their eyes, and hear with their ears, and understated with their heart. (2) The truth must, nevertheless, be proclaimed. Words in boxes are from the Bible. 10.Make the heart’ fat — The prophet Jeremiah (Jeremiah 1:10) was verbally directed to produce effects which he only predicted. (John 12:39 (97)). Isaiah may or may not have realized that his words had prophetic significance, in addition to being applicable to his own situation. But they rebelled — Revolted from him and, as it were, took up arms against him, many instances of which we find in their history; and vexed, or grieved, his Holy Spirit — With their unbelief and murmuring, and continual proneness to idolatry, as well as by their repeated acts of obstinacy and disobedience. Amplified® Darby K.J.V. And this order ought to be carefully observed, from which it is evident what object the Lord has in view in inviting us to himself, and what is the design of the heavenly doctrine, namely, that we may be converted. Paul, too, shows from this passage, on more than one occasion, (Acts 28:27; Romans 11:8,) that the whole blame of blindness rests with themselves. In the first member of the sentence the order is, the heart, ears, eyes, in the latter the reverse order, the eyes, ears, heart. Commentary on Isaiah 10:20-34 (Read Isaiah 10:20-34) By our afflictions we may learn not to make creatures our confidence. It is not only the loving will of God which is good, but also the wrathful will into which His loving will changes, when determinately and obstinately resisted. Burder (Oriental Customs, i. Hence arises a most excellent and altogether invaluable consolation to godly teachers, for supporting their minds against those grievous offenses which daily spring from the obstinacy of men, that, instead of being retarded by it, they may persevere in their duty with unshaken firmness. Therefore, says he, they could not believe, because Isaiah said, He hath blinded their eyes, and hardened their heart. It is right that the treachery and unbelief of men should be punished by meeting death where they might have received life, darkness where they might have had light; and, in short, evils as numerous as the blessings of salvation which they might have obtained. But their calumnies will not hinder his justice from being displayed, or hinder him from vindicating itself, and at the same time vindicating us. As it is also a general offense, that the lively word of God, at the hearing of which the whole world ought to tremble, strikes their ears to no purpose, and without any advantage, let weak men learn to fortify themselves by this declaration. CHAPTER 11 . (John 12:41.) Isaiah 6:10. [Note: Young, 1:261.]. God justly held him responsible for his choice because he did have genuine, though limited, freedom. . In simple terms, convert also means "to change," as in ice to water or dollars to pesos. It is undoubtedly true, that when we are drawn inwardly, (John 6:44,) it is an extraordinary gift of God, and that the arm of God is not revealed to all, (Isaiah 53:1;) but by this dreadful punishment of obstinate malice, Isaiah intended to teach, that we ought earnestly to beware of despising when God calls. Make, &c. = Declare or foretell that the heart of this People will be fat. That is, go and proclaim such “truth” to them as shall have this effect - as shall irritate, provoke, enrage them; truth, whose delivery shall be attended, in their gross and corrupt hearts, with this blinding and infatuating influence the effect would be produced by the corrupt state of their hearts, not by any native tendency of the truth, and still less by any direct divine influence. John then added, "These things Isaiah said, because he saw His glory, and he spoke of Him" ( John 12:41). Such blinding and hardening influence does not arise out of the nature of the word, but is accidental, and must be ascribed exclusively to the depravity of man. But our earlier doctrinarians have suggested the true solution, when they affirm that God does not harden men positive aut effective, since His true will and direct work are man's salvation, but occasionaliter et eventualiter, since the offers and displays of salvation which man receives necessarily serve to fill up the measure of his sins, and judicialiter so far as it is the judicial will of God, that what was originally ordained for men's salvation should result after all in judgment, in the case of any man upon whom grace has ceased to work, because all its ways and means have been completely exhausted. In both cases, too, those who heard God"s Word had the opportunity and the ability to respond to it positively, but they chose to respond negatively. Fat, i.e. This is another part of the Gospel, Repent ye. From this it is evident, as we formerly said, that Christ was that God who filled the whole earth with his majesty. But his freedom was genuine; he really could have submitted to Yahweh. Of such a fat heart beware. Lord--here Adonai, Jehovah in Isaiah 6:5; Jesus Christ is meant as speaking in Isaiah 6:10, according to John 12:41. It is requisite that we have ears to hear, and eyes to see - not ears stopped, and eyes daubed up as these had; (2.) Gesenius takes the imperatives as futures. So the poets of Greece, in their thoughts as to the Divine government of the world, recognised the truth that there is a judicial blindness and, as it were, insanity of will that comes as the consequence of sinful deeds ( Æsch. They shall be healed. ", To report dead links, typos, or html errors or suggestions about making these resources more useful use the convenient, Baker Evangelical Dictionary of Biblical Theology, Hastings' Dictionary of the New Testament, The Hawker's Poor Man's Concordance And Dictionary, Watson's Biblical & Theological Dictionary, International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, Make the heart of this people fat "Gross" -, ὡστε το της παροιμιας ὁρωντας μη ὁρᾳν, και ακουοντας μη ακουειν. (a). Biblical Commentary Isaiah 6:1-13 EXEGESIS: ISAIAH 1-5. (G. Cron, M. The conviction of the prophet. Lest they should see with their eyes, &c. ) was verbally directed to produce effects which he only predicted. The prophets are in other places said to perform the thing which they only foretell: -. His freedom was not complete; human freedom never is. Why then does he send his prophet? It implies the reckless headstrong will which defies restraint and warnings. Those hearts which formerly were of brass or iron ought to be softened by it; how then is it possible that it can harden them, as I have already observed? As with all scripture, this oft-cited prophesy of messianic expectations has been used to paint a picture for Christ’s reign at times detached from the message of the text itself. this chapter immediately follows and precedes examples of wrong reaction to God"s word [, "The elect are not saved because they are creatures of light; they too were creatures of darkness and in them there was no goodness, nothing that would attract the light. The truth must always be heard from our lips, even though there be no ears to receive it, and though the world have neither sight nor feeling; for it is enough for us that we labor faithfully for the glory of God, and that our services are acceptable to him; and the sound of our voice is not ineffectual, when it renders the world without excuse. He speaks of Judeans as rebellious children (1:2) and “people loaded with iniquity, a seed of evildoers, children who deal corruptly! The ten revolted tribes, not worth the naming. As dim-sighted people cannot blame the sun for dazzling their eyes with its brightness; and those whose hearing is weak cannot complain of a clear and loud voice which the defect of their ears hinders them from hearing; and, lastly, a man of weak intellect cannot find fault with the difficulty of a subject which he is unable to understand; so ungodly men have no right to blame the word for making them worse after having heard it. The Apostle John quoted this verse (and Isaiah 53:1) in reference to the Jews" inability in Jesus" day to believe on Him ( John 12:40). This word Sal. Isaiah 6:10 Context. Here Isaiah is directed to cause results which will doubtless take place, but are not necessary effects of his action. [Acts 7:51] Antagoras, reciting his "Thebais," a book that he had made, among the Boeotians, and they little regarding him, he folded up his book, and said, Ye may well be called Boeotians, quia boum habetis aures, for ye have oxes’ ears - playing upon the notation of their name. Ver. What Isaiah here ascribes to doctrine, Paul traces to the wicked disposition of the nation, which was the cause of their own blindness; and accordingly, I have stated that this was an accidental and not a natural result of the doctrine. We ought also to observe from the order and connection of the words, that the first step of healing is repentance. (Calmet) --- He intimates that all the graces offered would be rendered useless by the hardened Jews. At first sight it seems unreasonable that the Prophets should be represented as making men’s hearts more hardened. And shut their eyes - The word used here means “to spread over,” and then to close. Make their ears heavy; make them dull of hearing, as Isaiah 59:1 Zechariah 7:11, as sometimes the ears are made by an excessive noise. (St. Isidore. A Vision. 6 In the year that King Uzziah died, I saw the Lord, high and exalted, seated on a throne; and the train of his robe filled the temple. John Trapp Complete Commentary. Gross and heavy, stupid and unteachable, hard and obdurate; which is sometimes done by the preaching of the Gospel, through the wickedness of man's heart, that being the savour of death unto death to some, just as the sun hardens the clay; or declare that their hearts are thus gross and stupid; or that I will give them up to a judicial hardness of heart: and make their ears heavy: that they cannot hear the word, so as to understand it; they having stopped the ear, and plucked away the shoulder, it is in righteous judgment that they are given up to such an insensibility as not to be capable of hearing and understanding what is delivered in the ministry of the word: and shut their eyes; they having wilfully shut their own eyes against all evidence of the Messiah, and the truth of his doctrines, they are given up to a judicial blindness; which still continues upon them, and will until the fulness of the Gentiles is brought in: lest they see with their eyes, and hear with their ears, and understated with their heart; though only in a notional way, the things relating to the Messiah, the truths of the Gospel, and the ordinances thereof, and what may belong to their outward peace: and convert; or turn themselves by external repentance and reformation: and be healed: or forgiven in such sense as to be preserved from national ruin; which God willed not; for seeing they went such great lengths in sin, in rejecting the Messiah, and his Gospel, they were given up to a reprobate mind, to do things that were not convenient, that they might be destroyed; which destruction is after prophesied of. to loose the bands of wickedness, to undo the heavy burdens, and to let the oppressed go free, and that ye break every yoke? Isaiah 25:6-10a serves up one of the most glorious images in the Hebrew Bible. Bible commentary on the Book of Isaiah, chapter 6, by Dr. Bob Utley, retired professor of hermeneutics. Lest depends upon heavy. The heaviness or torpidity is vigilant “lest” conversion should follow the prophet’s gospel. And be healed,] i.e., Pardoned and purged. 8 Also I heard the voice of the Lord, saying, Whom shall I send, and who will go for us? The effect of Isaiah"s preaching would not be that the people would repent, but that they would harden their hearts against his messages (cf. 2:278. THE CONTEXT. 98) mentions a son of the Great Mogul who was thus punished by his father. An apprentice hath given him by his master a candle to light him to bed, which he abuseth to light him to game or drink. I., sub fin. Acts 28:26, Acts 28:27. Make the heart of this people fat (Psalms 119:70) - 'render them the more hardened by thy warning, that they may he hurried along to destruction, to which they willfully hasten' (Maurer). The prophets are said to do what they denounce. And make their ears heavy.] A common Hebrew idiom. Isaiah, A Brief Commentary Related Media. So far from being persuaded when one rose from the dead (Luke 16:31) "the chief priests consulted that they might put Lazarus also to death." Isaiah 6:10 Make the heart of this people fat, and make their ears heavy, and shut their eyes; lest they see with their eyes, and hear with their ears, and understand with their heart, and convert, and be healed. The mediaeval adage, “Quem Deus vult perdere prius dementat,” expresses one aspect of the same law; but the vult perdere is excluded by the clearer revelation of the Divine purpose (Ezekiel 18:23; 1 Timothy 2:4; 2 Peter 2:9), as “not willing that any should perish.”, Shut their eyes.—Literally, as in Isaiah 29:10, daub, or besmear. And convert.] Here Isaiah is directed to cause results which will doubtless take place, but are not necessary effects of his action. We wonder how it is possible that the greater part of men can furiously oppose God; and hence also arises a doubt if it be the heavenly truth of God which is rejected without bringing punishment; for it can hardly be believed that God addresses men for the purpose of exciting their scorn. (10) Make the heart of this people fat.—The thought is the same as that of the “hardening” of Pharaoh’s heart (Exodus 8:19; Exodus 9:34, &c) and that of Sihon (Deuteronomy 2:30). The two are bound up in one another, inasmuch as sin from its very nature bears its own punishment, which consists in the wrath of God excited by sin. Isaiah 6:10 Hebrew; Septuagint ‘You will be ever hearing, but never understanding; / you will be ever seeing, but never perceiving.’ / 10 This people’s heart has become calloused; / they hardly hear with their ears, / and they have closed their eyes But the word of God brings salvation; at least some benefit must arise from the preaching of it, that it may do good to some, though many are deprived of the advantage by their own unbelief. Introduction. A.). The heaviness or torpidity is vigilant “lest” conversion should follow the prophet’s gospel. 7 And he laid it upon my mouth, and said, Lo, this hath touched thy lips; and thine iniquity is taken away, and thy sin purged. “Make the heart of this people fat,” etc. In that passage Paul introduces the Spirit as speaking, (Acts 28:25;) but John says that Isaiah spake thus of Christ, when he had beheld his glory. The Israelites in Isaiah"s day had already hardened their hearts against the Lord, and His retributive judgment on them had already begun when Isaiah received his commission. This is our healing. John quotes this passage as a clear demonstration of the stubbornness of the Jews. ben Melec explains to this sense, in which it is hardly used elsewhere, on the authority of Onkelos. God, however, out of His mere good pleasure did choose them and ordain them to life eternal, and when the blessed gospel was heard by them, they were given a heart that was then willing and able to hear and to respond. Commentary on Isaiah 6 (Isaiah’s Commission) April 20, 2016 Bill Pratt Leave a comment. Read Isaiah 43 commentary using Matthew Henry Commentary on the Whole Bible (Complete). We ought also to attend to this circumstance, that Isaiah was not sent to men indiscriminately, but to the Jews. And be healed - Be restored from the malady of sin; be recovered and pardoned. He declares that the people, bereft of reason and understanding, will perish, and there will be no means of obtaining relief; and yet he at the same time affirms that the labors of the Prophet, though they bring death and ruin on the Jews, will be to him an acceptable sacrifice. His prophecy is not responsible for results produced by the hardness of the people to whom it is delivered. 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